The number of environmental refugees is estimated to be 10 million out of the 17 million official refugees and. Chinas mounting environmental crisis is endangering the pace of its economic growth and threatening the legitimacy of the ruling party. Background to environmental degradation in ogoniland. Thus, arthur and jeanette conacher defined land degradation as alterations to all aspects of the biophysical environment by human actions to the detriment of.
Chinas environmental crisis council on foreign relations. Learn more about the causes and outcomes of environmental degradation in this article. Throughout the history of mankind, the environment has always be subjected to exploitation. In this unique situation, environmental degradation is a specific instance of utilization or generation externalities reflected by uniqueness amongst private and social. The primary cause of environmental degradation is human disturbance. Dan tarlock encyclopedia of life support systems eolss after world war ii.
As a result of nature resilience, the environment has always been taken for granted with the assumption that nature is limitless. Environmental degradation, to a large scale, is the result of market failure, namely the nonexistent or poorly functioning markets for environmental goods and services. Environmental degradation has been cited as one of four root causes of refugee flows, together with political instability economic tensions and ethnic conflict unhcr 1993. Environmental degradation is the deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources such as air, water and soil. As indicated by the ipat equation, environmental impact i or.
To address this challenge a number of studies have been conducted in. The long history of environmental problems caused by oil spills also gives the nigerian judicial system a prominent role as it deals with penalties and punishments for environmental and oilrelated o. History, nature, causes, consequences, and solutions conacher, arthur encyclopedia of life support systems eolss above. Environmental degradation what you need to know and its. Environmental degradation is of many types and have many consequences. Environmental degradation has a harmful effect to human beings.
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